Introduction: The ethical dimensions of agriculture need to be explored, distinguishing between ethics in agriculture and ethics of agriculture. Ethics in agriculture is traditionally based on abstract moral theory, formulated through logical reasoning, but often found inadequate to address the complex ethical challenges within agriculture due to its abstract nature and lack of practical visibility. Conversely, ethics of agriculture is approached within a context-specific FRAMEWORK derived from the research topic with the aim of providing more tailored solutions. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive review of the relevant literature is conducted, using a descriptive-analytical approach to provide a conceptual FRAMEWORK for understanding agricultural ethics. Conclusion: The article highlights the critical need for a comprehensive ethical FRAMEWORK to address the multifaceted ethical challenges in the agricultural sector. The importance of analyzing and resolving ethical dilemmas at all stages of agriculture is underscored in order to align practices with human ideals and to ensure ethical decision-making by stakeholders involved in agriculture.

There are two approaches for simulating memory as well as learning in artificial intelligence; the functionalistic approach and the cognitive approach. The necessary condition to put the second approach into account is to provide a model of brain activity that contains a quite good congruence with observational facts such as mistakes and forgotten experiences. Given that human memory has a solid core that includes the components of our identity, our family and our hometown, the major and determinative events of our lives, and the countless repeated and accepted facts of our culture, the more we go to the peripheral spots the data becomes flimsier and more easily exposed to oblivion. It was essential to propose a model in which the topographical differences are quite distinguishable. In our proposed model, we have translated this topographical situation into quantities, which are attributed to the nodes. The result is an edge-weighted graph with mass-based values on the nodes which demonstrates the importance of each atomic proposition, as a truth, for an intelligent being. Furthermore, it dynamically develops and modifies, and in successive phases, it changes the mass of the nodes and weight of the edges depending on gathered inputs from the environment.

The aim of this research is creating a mesoporous structure in the MFI zeolite membrane layer and increase the pores diameter in order to increase the water permeability. The mesoporous structure was created by adding carbon black to the synthesis solution of the membrane in the in-situ hydrothermal method. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Berner-Emmett-Taylor (BET) and nitrogen gas permeability tests were used to characterize and the water permeation test was used to investigate the performance. The results showed the successful synthesis of the MFI zeolite membrane layer with proper crystallinity on the α-alumina support with the thickness of about 15 µm and the pore size between 4.5-20 nm, so that the largest amount of meso-pores had a diameter of 7.4 nm. The diameter of the pores has increased by 10 times compared to the synthesis without the presence of carbon black. The results of the water permeation test showed that increasing the the pores diameter using carbon black could increase the water flux of the membrane (26 L/m2.hr) up to 14-75 times compared to microporous membranes (0.35-1.74 L/m2.hr). Investigating the water flux of the membrane for water containing dissolved solids showed that the water flux of the mesoporous membrane (12 L/m2.hr) is still higher than the microporous membranes after 2 hr.

Objective Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a group of non-progressive disorders in a developing brain that resultsin motor problems and other limitations in daily living activities. The presence of motor functions inthese children reduces their participation in daily activities. This is one of the important aspects of thechild’ s health and development, especially the child’ s physical and psychological development. Participationin social activities promotes life satisfaction. Besides, family has a prominent role in identifyingand supplying the child’ s needs. In other words, family plays an essential role in ensuring the health andwell-being of their children. Thus, provisions of growth-related health services has now changed froma child-cantered model into a family-cantered model. As a result, it is very important to understand theparents’ priorities about participation of their children in the daily activities and providing appropriateclient-center services. Materials & Methods In this descriptive-analytic study, 78 children and teenagers with CP aged 3-18 yearswithout psychiatric problems and their parents from Yazd City, Iran had participated. The samples wereselected by convenience sampling method, from clients of private and public rehabilitation centers inYazd Province. In this regard, one state and two private centers were randomly selected and the studysamples were selected from the clients referred to the centers. Parents' priorities for participation oftheir children in activities of daily living were found through semi-structured interviews. In these interviews, we used Canadian occupational performance measure to evaluate the child's level of occupationalperformance and parents’ satisfaction in the three areas of self-care, productiveness, leisure fromthe parents’ perspective. In addition, the level of gross motor performance was evaluated based on theGross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) at five levels. In the Iranian society, the validityof Canadian occupational performance measure for each of three areas of occupational performancehas been reported to be between 9. 75 and 3. 75 and the reliability level for the three domains reportedabove 0. 78. The statistical analysis of data was performed in SPSS V. 16. Descriptive statistics and oddsratio were used for analyzing the data. Results the children’ Mean± SD age was 8. 12± 4. 22 years. The first priority reported by the parents wasself-care. Mobility was known as the second important priority in everyday life for children. The resultsobtained from the statistical analysis showed no significant relationship between age and different motorlevels (P≥ 0. 05). Conclusion Parents reported functional priorities in similar performance aspects by all age groups andGMFCS levels in Cerebral Palsy children. The first priority was related to self-care. This reflects the desireof the parents to children’ doing self-care activities, which not only reduces care pressure, but also leadsto promotion in social participation and independence in individual life. The next priority was mobilityand the reason can be attributed to the fact that children with CP need mobility to manage their dailylife activities.

This study presents a FRAMEWORK for calculating the risk of various projects, especially projects under uncertain circumstances. First, the related literature is reviewed and then the relationship between risk and projects is examined. Using a case study an approach is provided to determine the project risk in uncertain circumstances where sufficient data is not available for decision-making. In the new proposed method, instead of using a purely qualitative method, Dempster-Shafer theory has been used because of the limited data for decision making. Finally, the proposed method is examined based on a construction company and the results are presented.

Having an integrated model of change management can simplify the inherent complexity of change by recognizing the relation between critical elements. Because of dynamic nature of variables and their interaction, developing a static model is not useful. This study tries to generate a new method for constructing a dynamic organizational change model in four steps with combining qualitative methods (content analysis and Delphi technique) and artificial neural networks (Fuzzy theory and genetic algorithm). In addition, by governing restrictions of various conditions, a road map is provided for managers to leading change. After recognizing and screening variables by qualitative methods, due to the complexity and scale of the problem the initial model is built with fuzzy theory and genetic algorithms are used for more accuracy. For governing restrictions and finding acceptable amount of variables to have a successful change program, genetic algorithm is used.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a FRAMEWORK for detecting vulnerabilities in SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) networks. We focused our studies on the detection of SIP DoS related vulnerabilities in VoIP infrastructures because of their generalization. We try to find weaknesses in SIP enabled entities that an attacker by exploiting them is able to attack the system and affect it. This FRAMEWORK is provided by the concept of penetration testing and is designed to be flexible and extensible, and has the capability to customize for other similar session based protocols. To satisfy the above objectives, the FRAMEWORK is designed with five main modules for discovery, information modeling, operation, evaluation and report. After setting up a test-bed as a typical VoIP system to show the validity of the proposed FRAMEWORK, this system has been implemented as a SIP vulnerability scanner. We also defined appropriate metrics for gathering the performance statistics of SIP components. Our test-bed is deployed by open-source applications and used for validation and also evaluation of the proposed FRAMEWORK. The main contributions of this paper are its non-destructive manner in identifying vulnerabilities and incorporating the penetration testing ideas and steps in the overall architecture of our FRAMEWORK. We also defined appropriate metrics that help us to identify vulnerabilities in a black box penetration testing.

Language learners are often expected to achieve an acceptable level in grammar, which is considered as the basis for all human languages. Teaching grammar was the main component of language teaching methods in the past. Even the communicative approach, the most widely-accepted teaching approach today, did not ignore teaching grammar. Although teaching grammar was viewed as unimportant and laid aside for a short period of time, researchers and authors later realized that without teaching grammar, language learning would be of poor quality; as a result, they referred back to teaching grammar. All these point to the fact that mastery over grammar could help the learners in better comprehending and producing language. The present study is an attempt to present a FRAMEWORK on the basis of Keck and Kim (2014) for evaluating Persian grammar teaching textbooks. The name “ Kem” is coined in the present study and is composed of 28 likert-scale questions. The “ Kem” FRAMEWORK is made up of two main parts: explanations and activities.